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International

This section contains a selection of documents produced by international organisations, or which provide an international overview of public services markets or debates.

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List of Resources:
 
Scrutinizing Public Expenditures: Assessing the Performance of Public Accounts Committees (PDF)
Stapenhurst, Rick; Sahgal, Vinod; Woodley, William; Pelizzo, Riccardo, 2005
World Bank Policy Research Working Paper 3613
An analysis of the work of public accounts committees, drawing on data from 52 national and state/provincial parliaments in Commonwealth countries in Asia, Australasia, Canada and the UK. The report examines the committees' success, and identifies factors which contribute to that success.
 

The International Monetary Fund and the Global Spread of Privatization (PDF)
Brune, Nancy; Garrett, Geoffrey; and Kogut, Bruce, 2004
International Monetary Fund (IMF), IMF Staff Papers 51(2).
A study examining the relationship between the spread of privatisation and International Financial Institution (and IMF in particular) conditionality.
International
 

Building an Institutional Framework for Privatization: The Importance of Strong Institutions (PDF)
Young, Peter, 2004
Adam Smith International Limited (ASI)
This report considers best practice for the implementation of an institutional framework for privatisation, based in international experience.
UK
 

Public-Private Partnerships: The Next Generation of Infrastructure Finance (PDF)
Streeter, William et al, 2004
Fitch Ratings
An article which looks at the appropriate financial circumstances for using of PPPs to finance infrastructure projects.
USA
 

Public Private Partnerships in Urban Infrastructure (PDF)
Kumar, Sasi and Prasad, C. J., 2004
Kerala Calling, pp. 36-37
An article which covers different contextual requirements for different kinds of PPPs.
India
 

Avoiding Customer and Taxpayer Bailouts in Private Infrastructure Projects: Policy Toward Leverage, Risk Allocation, and Bankruptcy (PDF)
Ehrhardt, David; Irwin Timothy, 2004
World Bank Policy Research Working Paper
A study that addresses the risks involved in public-private partnerships initiatives through the analysis of five case studies. The authors describe how governments and regulators can quantify the extent of the problems and, using option-pricing techniques, value the customer and taxpayer guarantees involved. Te report concludes that appropriate policy depends on the tax system, the feasibility of enforcing bankruptcy, and the benefits of risk transfer from taxpayer to the private sector.
WPS3274
International
 

Emerging Infrastructure Policy Issues in Developing Countries: A Survey of the Recent Economic Literature (PDF)
Estache, Antonio , 2004
World Bank Group
A comprehensive review of the literature on infrastructure policies in developing countries with the aim to create the agenda for researchers and practitioners in the international community.
 

Granting and Renegotiating Infrastructure Concessions: Doing It Right (PDF)
Guasch, J. Luis , 2004
World Bank Institute Development Studies
A study that analyses the concession process in infrastructure projects in developing countries. Through the review of multiple policy experiences, the book provides guidance for avoiding many design and implementation issues that can affect the overall effectiveness of public-private ventures.
 

Private Participation in Infrastructure in Developing Countries: Trends, Impacts and Policy Lessons (PDF)
Harris, Clive, 2003
The World Bank
This World Bank paper assesses the causes for the decline of public-private infrastructure projects in the past decade, describing some of these projects major benefits and flaws. Overall the study suggests that, in order for these projects to be successful, sound regulatory and policy frameworks must be first introduced.
ISBN 0-8213-5512-0
USA
 

The Political Economy of Privatization (PDF)
Bortolotti, Bernardo and Pinotti, Paolo, 2003
Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei (FEEM)
A study of the relationship between privatisation and political institutions in industrialised countries between 1977-1999.
Italy
 

Creating Competition & Mastering Markets: New Entrants, Monopolists, and Regulators in Transforming Public Utilities Across the Atlantic (PDF)
Hulsink, W; Wubben, E., 2003
ERIM Research Series (Erasmus Research Institute in Management)
A paper on the transformation of network industries or public utilities in Western Europe and the United States. It argues that competition needs to be engineered to overcome monopoly in network-based industries.
ERS-2003-051-ORG
Netherlands
 

Privatising State-Owned Enterprises: An Overview of Policies and Practices in OECD Countries (PDF)
Working Group on Privatisation and Corporate Governance of State-Owned Assets, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), 2003
A report that provides insights from the experiences of OECD countries to support governments in shaping future reforms and privatisation efforts.
International
 

Unsolicited Proposals - The Issues for Private Infrastructure Projects (PDF)
Hodges, John , 2003
World Bank Group
A report on the issues related to unsolicited proposals to governments for private infrastructure projects.
 

Unsolicited Proposals - Competitive Solutions for Private Infrastructure (PDF)
Hodges, John, 2003
World Bank Group
A report that examines the approaches adopted by governments to transform unsolicited proposals for private infrastructure projects into competitively tendered projects.
 

Privatization in Competitive Sectors: The Record to Date (PDF)
Kikeri, Sunita; Nellis, John; , 2002
The World Bank
An assessment of privatisation initiatives undertaken in competitive sectors. The  paper also underlines some necessary conditions for successful privatisation such as: strong political commitment combined with wider public understanding; creation of competitive markets through removal of entry and exit barriers, financial sector reforms that create commercially oriented banking systems, effective regulatory frameworks that reinforce the benefits of private ownership; transparency in the privatization process; and measures to mitigate adverse social and environmental effects.
USA
 

How to Navigate the Politics of Privatization (PDF)
Johnson, Robin, 2002
Reason Public Policy Institute (RPPI). How-to Guide No. 20.
A guideline for managing the political opposition to privatisation. Extrapolating from some US experiences, the article presents examples of best practice for dealing with this type of scenario.
USA
 

From State to Market: A Survey of Empirical Studies on Privatisation (PDF)
Megginson, William L. and Netter, Jeffry M., 2001
Journal of Economic Literature
The purpose of this paper is to assess the findings of empirical research on the effects of privatisation as a policy.  It takes an in-depth look at the use of privatisation in the past, and present.  This paper attempts to provide an understanding of why it has been embraced, not only by the governments of developed countries but also of developing countries.    
 

The World Health Report 2000-Health Systems: Improving Performance (PDF)
World Health Organisation, 2000
This report gives information on assessing and improving health systems.  It looks at their performance and goals and the different methods used to finance these systems.  Findings from the report show that governments tend to focus too much on the public sector, disregarding private provision of care.
ISBN 92 4 156198 X
 

Guidelines on Public Private Partnerships for Infrastructure Development (PDF)
United Nations Economic Commission for Europe, 2000
Detailed guidelines on public-private partnerships in infrastructure projects, containing a theoretical overview, historical background as well as discussion of case studies.
 

Governance Impact on Private Investment: Evidence from the International Patterns of Infrastructure Bond Risk Pricing
Bubnova, Nina B., 2002
The World Bank. World Bank Technical Paper No. 488
A study that examines the factors that influence investor risk perceptions and that inflate the cost of borrowing for essential infrastructure. 
ISBN: 0-8213-4818-3
USA
 

Case-by-Case Privatization: Techniques and Examples (PDF)
Welch, Dick and Frémond, Olivier, 1998
World Bank Technical Paper no. 403
A report examining the use of case-by-case privatisation, which is a method of privatisation where the government sells shares in state owned enterprises through public share offerings, trade (third party) sales or mixed sales.
International
 

The Economics of Privatization (PDF)
McFetridge, D.G., 1997
C.D. Howe Institute
An overview on the possible consequences on organizational efficiency of the privatisation of conventional government enterprises and various forms of public sector contracting .
Canada
 

The Privatization Challenge: A Strategic, Legal, and Institutional Analysis of International Experience (PDF)
Guislain, Pierre, 1997
World Bank Regional and Sectoral Studies
A report which considers why, despite the potential gains from privatisation, the state sector still dominates in many developing countries.
International
 

Budget Issues: Privatization Practices in Argentina (PDF)
United States General Accounting Office, 1996
A report which examined issues relating to the privatisation process, the valuation and preparation of assets for sale and the use of the sale proceeds.
USA
 

Budget Issues: Privatization/Divestiture Practices in Other Nations (PDF)
United States General Accounting Office, 1995
A review of divestiture experiences of central governments of Canada, France, Mexico, New Zealand and the UK.
USA
 

Privatizing Pubic Enterprises and Foreign Investment in Developing Countries, 1988-93 (PDF)
Sader, Frank, 1995
Foreign Investment Advisory Service and the World Bank
A paper which examines the link between the privatisation of infrastructure services and foreign direct investment in Latin America, East Asia and Eastern Europe. 
ISBN 0-8213-3362-3
USA
 

International Privatization: Global Trends, Policies, Processes, Experiences
The Institute For Saskatchewan Enterprise, 1990
A collection of essays covering the experiences of different countries and themes concerned with privatisation and contracting of public services.
Canada
 

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  Last Updated: 17 October 2008